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Aging Impairs Wound Healing by an HSC-Autonomous Mechanism

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NIA - National Institute on Aging

Project Summary/Abstract The world's population is aging rapidly, and by 2050, the population over 60 years will exceed 2 billion people or 25% of the total global population. Tissue repair is critical for the survival of all organisms. Aging causes a gradual decline in tissue integrity, partly due to a decline in stem cell function, a major hallmark of aging. Due to its accessibility and temporal predictability, cutaneous wound healing provides a valuable model framework to characterize the effects of aging on tissue injury1. Aging disrupts the precisely coordinated immune cell response that orchestrates the three phases of cutaneous wound healing. However, it is unknown whether this disruption is initiated by the aging of the tissue itself or the aging of the immune system. Recently, a breakthrough study showed that the aging immune system or “immunosenescence” precedes and drives organ aging2. Thus, an inference from this concept is that the mechanism by which aging impairs wound healing is largely dependent on how aging impairs the immune system. Our long-term goal is to identify how aging impairs immune cell function and show that we can restore youthful wound healing by reversing immune aging. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are remarkable cells in our bone marrow that make at least one trillion new blood cells daily. We have shown that HSCs produce all of our circulating immune cells and regulate their gene expression by “epigenetic reprogramming”. We will use sophisticated “single-cell epigenomics,” some of which were developed in our laboratories, to characterize how aging affects the gene expression of individual immune cells and how that expression is regulated by epigenetic modifications. We have three Aims: Aim 1: Determine if aging impairs wound healing by an HSC-Autonomous mechanism. Aim 2: Identify the aging-specific- HSC oxidant stress that drives immune aging and impairs wound healing. Aim 3: Identify the master epigenetic enzyme(s) in aged HSCs that epigenetically reprogram the gene expression of wound macrophages and their cross-talk with fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Once we identify the “master epigenetic enzyme” affected by aging in HSCs that reprograms the gene expression of immune cells, we will reverse the effects of aging on the master epigenetic enzyme to restore youthful wound healing. The fact that the effects are “epigenetic” implies that the effects of aging, at least on the immune system, are reversible and, by proof of principle, would open the door to new molecular therapies to reverse the effects of aging.

Up to $626K
2031-01-31
health research
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Aging-Related Health and Aging Acceleration in Older Women with Criminal Legal System Involvement (AGELIS)

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NINR - National Institute of Nursing Research

PROJECT SUMMARY There are over 177,000 women detained in U.S. jails and prisons on any day and another 800,000 serving sentences in the community under custodial supervision. About 20% of women with criminal legal system involvement (CLSI) are age 50 or older. Rates of women and older adults have both risen dramatically in recent decades, 700% and 280%, respectively. For many women, incarceration and probation are profoundly stressful experiences, often overlapping with other life circumstances—trauma and abuse, homelessness, substance use, mental illness—that disrupt women's support systems and health services access. Many women who experience CLSI also do so repeatedly, cycling in and out of incarceration and probation over many years. The toll on health can be profound. CLSI is associated with disproportionately high rates of many chronic and infectious diseases and early mortality in women of all ages and is hypothesized to lead to acceleration of aging-related conditions. Most of what we know about the health of older women (age 50 and older) with CLSI is extrapolated from the groups of older men and younger women. We lack an understanding of how CLSI functions as a social determinant for aging-related health in the group, including how much, when, and in conjunction with what other factors over the life course experiences of incarceration and probation contribute. We also know almost nothing about the health in aging attitudes, goals, self-efficacy, and experiences of community-dwelling older women with CLSI. The objective of the Aging-Related Health and Aging Acceleration in Older Women with Criminal Legal System Involvement Study (AGELIS) is to fill critical gaps in our knowledge about how CLSI functions as a life course social determinant and what women with CLSI mean by and want from health in aging. Closing such gaps is crucial in moving the field toward intervention readiness and ultimately improved health outcomes. The specific aims of AGELIS are to (a) establish relationships between the health in aging construct, functional ability, life course factors, and CLSI in older women with CLSI, compared with a matched comparison group in the Health and Retirement Study and (b) characterize attitudes, goals, self-efficacy and experiences of health in aging in older women with CLSI using semi-structured interviews and ethnographic case study. In partnership with a community research team, we will bring results from the two aims together in an integrated model of health in aging with CLSI. AGELIS will provide an empirical and experiential basis for subsequent intervention design and point the way forward for investigation in aging with other groups that experience significant life course stress.

Up to $425K
2030-12-31
Health
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Aging: Immune Function and Organ Health

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NIA - National Institute on Aging

Abstract Support is requested for a Keystone Symposia conference entitled “Aging: Immune Function and Organ Health,” organized by Drs. Anne Brunet, Eric M. Verdin, Manuel Serrano and P. Eline Slagboom, with scientific programming input from Keystone Symposia. The meeting will take place March 22–25, 2026 at the Fairmont Banff Springs in Banff, Alberta, Canada. Aging is the single largest risk factor for a wide spectrum of chronic diseases and mortality, and the immune system is emerging as a crucial player in regulating the human lifespan. Recent studies have revealed that aging can be influenced by changes in immune function and inflammation, offering new treatment approaches to counter aging and age-related diseases. This Keystone Symposia meeting will bring together an interdisciplinary group of researchers to address the impact of the immune system on organ preservation and organ-organ communication, which are critical for organismal longevity. This meeting will also highlight transformative technologies and discuss how engaging the immune system can create opportunities for therapeutic interventions that benefit human health. This meeting will be held jointly with another Keystone Symposia conference, “Innate Immunity: Diversity in Host Defense and Disease.” This partnership will provide valuable insights into the interconnected role of the immune system in aging, its relation to organ function, and implications for organismal health and disease.

Up to $20K
2027-01-31
Health